Carbureting apparatus



' -amifs, 1930.' i

A, kLKo CARBUBETING APPARATUS Filed nay 5, V1924 July 8, 1930. Y -AQKOLKQ` CARBURETING APPAU'S 2 Sheets-Sheet, 2

Filed May 5, 1924 latented July i936 e r nonno, or commas, non

y GABBUEETING APPATUS .application led May 5, 1924, Serial No. 711,140, and in France may la, rtl

The invention has for its object a carburetn ter whose operation from the extreme slow speed to the running on the maximum fuel inlet, is ensured by a single sprayer, means being however provided whereby the fuel can be made richer or poorer in a momentary manner according to the running of the engine. rl`he said Carburettor provides tor the formation of a rich mixture whose composition is constant when in regular working, but which becomes richer upon starting and upon resumption of s eed, and to which air is subsequently adde by a regulating elementor slidel valve, the action being made automatic by the fact that the iiow section or the air regulated by a slide valve is in a constant proportion, according to a well-determined law, to the dow section et' the rich mixture which is also regulated by the same valve. f

The invention relates chiefly to the arrangement oi means employed toform the richmixture, as well as to the arrangement of the slide valve ensuring the proportionality according to any desired law between the rich mixture and the quantity of air to be added thereto. The invention further re' lates to certain details of construction and chiefly a control for the needle valve and an arrangement of sprayer such that the float A can be removed for the inspection of the apf paratus when the engine is running; an arrangement ot the control placed outside the apparatus and in its lane of symmetry in order that the contro vmay be moved in all directions; a filter plug adapted for mounting upon the petrol inlet without'modiiication of the latter or the main body of the carburetter.

The appended drawing shows solely by way ot example an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. l is a vertical axial section through the petrol inlet and the needle valve; Fig. 2 is an axial section at 90 from the preceding. Figs. 3 and 4 are yelevational views on a smaller scale corresponding respectively to Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is an external view of the support of the swinging lever, the needle valve and the doet, showing the operation 'replace the usual plug.

of the oat. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are diagrammatic views showing three different positions of the regulating slide valve. Fig. 9 is a detail on the same scale as Fig. l showing, as a modication, a filter plug which may ln Figs. 1 to 8, the Carburettor consists o1E a main body l forming a doet chamber into which the petrol is admitted. through the inlet conduit 2 and the passages 3 and 3 of a screwthreaded plu t whose head presses against the socket-s aped `part 2 of the inlet conduit 2; the petrol passes thence into the chamber through the automatic needle valve 5. rl`he said valve is controlled by a swingf ing lever 6 (Figs. l, 2 and 5) which is pivoted at 7 to a su port 8. "lwo projections 6' extend latera' y from the lever 6 and pass freely througha slot 9 in the member 8 so as to engage between the flanges 5 or the needle valve 5. rlhe member 8 rests on a packing 1l on the bottom of the ioat chamber, against which it is held by the lange l2 of a tube l2 screwed on a threaded boss i3 of the body l. The member 8 has within it an extension which forms a seat 14 for the valve 5, and also carries a removable plug or the like 16 having a calibrated orice, through which passes the fuel Jfrom the oat chamber to the spray jet system. A small lter 17 covering the orifice o may be sprung between walls 17 formed on the member 8.

rlhe float 18 surrounds the tube 12 which serves to guide the same and as shown in Figs. 2 and 5 it rests'on either side of the tube l2 upon the ends 6 o two lateral arms of the forked lever 6; if the oat is raised by the pressure or the liquid in the chamber by is momentarily removed. the lever 6 descends by its own weight to close the valve inte the position shown in full lines in Figure 5. it, however, the level of the liquid in the float chamber falls, the oat descends and bears against the ends 6 et the lever which opens the valve as shown in broken lines Fig- 'ure 5.

rllhis control ofthe needle valve with a oat acting contrary to the usual direction, y

vantages: The float need not be necessarily li hter than the liquid, andit may consist of a eavier body which will not float, provided one equilibrates the whole'combination in .the proper manner by the opposed weight formed y the lever 6 so that the float shallnotact by its own weight to lift the said lever except when it is out of the liquid to a certain extent. The float may be removed even while the engine is running without closing the petrol inlet cock, since this admission is automatically cut oif by the needle valve 4if the fioat does not act by its weight. Conuently, when running, vone may inspect the heeqedle valve,.clean the filter 17, and inspect or clean out the sprayer o, as desired.

The liquid whose level 1s thus made constant by the operation of the needle valve will pass through the filter 17 and the calibrated orifice o of the sprayer 16 and will arrive-following the path shown by the arrow and passing through the multiple holes in the tube 12-within the double annular chamber 20, 2Q which is constituted as -follows. Within the tube 12 is secured, for instance by solderin a tube 21 whose outer part 22 is open to tie atmosphere and Whose ower part 23 forms a convergent nozzle; the said tube has below the nozzle 23 an extension 24 forming a baille between the tube 12 and a t-ubular extension 25 of the base 13 of the'carburetter body; between 12 and 24 the chamber is connected through the orifices 26 with a region having a low vacuum in the rear of the nozzle 23; between 24 and 25 the chamber 2O is connected with the suction passage 27 through the space 28 between the end of and the outer part of the nozzle 23, this space forming an annular convergent nozzle 28. The chambers 20 and 20 thus form communicating vessels which are supplied through the orifices 19 and deliver petrol through the annular convergent nozzle 28 is arrangement of` communicating vessels provides for an automatic variation of the pressure of the liquid supplying the nozzle 28 under the effect of variations in the .engine suction; by a suitable choice of the capacity of the outer annular space 20', one obtains automaticall the supply of the amounts 'of fuel nee` ed when starting and .slowing up, and the mixture can also be lmade poorer if on the contrary the gas throttle is closed The. liquid which streams from the nozzley 2 8 due the suction will be mingled with the air admitted through 28 and through the nozzle 23, thus fornun a rich mixture which passes through 27 to t The said re lating element consists of a cylindnal sli e valve 29 movable on its axis pe dicularly to the axis of the vessel; the sai valve isprovided with a port 30 co-operating with a passage 27 whereby the same is connected with the axial passage 31- of the vfected by4 a simple ping e regulating element.

slide valve; the end of the latter communicates with the conduit A lwhich serves to connect the device with the suction conduit of the engine.` The outer surface of the slide valve 29 has the form of a. cone, or of a suitable curve 29, and it cooperates with the inlet portion A of the suction couplin portion A in order to regulate the air at t e annular orifice 32. The relative positions of the port 30 and the passage 27, and also of the portion 29 and the portion A,as well as the profile of this portion 294 are such that the relation between the quantity of air entering through 32 to the uantity of the rich mixture passing throug 30 shall follow a predetermined law such as may be desired, according to the axial position oi. the valve 29. It thus becomes a very eas matter to provide a number of interchangea le slide valves 29 so constructed as to correspond to any desired law of the variation of the roportion, each valve being numbered accor 'ng to its characteristics.

The slide valve 29 slides in a socket 33 formed by the body of the carburetter, and is guided by a stud 34 in a slot 35 whose width corresponds to the tubular extension 33 of the socket 33, so that it can only move length wise without rotating. On the extension 33 is revoluble a sleeve 36 which is keyed to the ferrule 37 0f an operating arm 38; thesleeve 36 is held in place by the screwing of a plug 39 on the screwthreaded end of the extension 33 of the socket 33; the sleeve 36 has in the interior a helical groove 40 in which is engaged a projection of like shape 41 of the sli e valve 29. By rotating the arm 38, and with it the sleeve 36, the valve 29 will be given an axial movement. An orifice for the inlet and outlet of air is provided in the plug 39 in order t0 avoid vacuum or compression. The operatin arm 38 is provided with a spherical hea 43 forming the ball of a bearing, in order to make a variably-movable connection, throu h the intermediary of the member 44, with t e control rod 45.

Due to the disposition of the slide valve in the plane of symmetry of the apparatus and perpendicular to the axis of the float chamber, with the control end outside the apparatus and with the ball joint cou carburetter control can be turned a out in all directions either by modifying the keyed position of the ferrule 37 of the control arm 38 with respect to the sleeve 36 (which is efor by changing the sleeve 36 and the sli change the direction helical groove. y

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show three different positions of the slide valve. In Fig. 6, the said valve is in the ition for reducing the flow of air between and 29, its-sha e being such as to admit to the engine only the small amount of rich mixture passing through the of progression of the ling, the

e valve in order to 'llil in the exact proportion, which passes througlh uncovered dow section of the port 30, to which is also added a small amount of air,

the small calibrated hole 32 provided for t e purpose in the slide valve. Fig. 7 shows the position for the normal running, the rich mixture now passing through the whole section of the port 30 and the air passing through the section 30 calculated to this edect. One may-furtherdraw-back the valve 30, as shown in F ig. 8; the port 30 will be again closed, whilst the iiow section for the air is now augmented; this provides for the. braking by means of the engine, since one thus admits into the latter 1a rburetted air which afiords an ample supply to the cylinder and produces` only a negative work of compression. The position of maximum opening (Fig. 7) is preferably made evident to the driver by providing, for the accelerator handie, a flexible tappet which is encountered by the yhandle and is thus compressed as soon as the device has assed beyond the full load position (Fig. towards the braking position (liig. 8).

ln certain engines which have become worn and are thus subject to infiltration ot air, it may prove useful in order to provide for proper working at slow speed, to admit a certain quantity or carburetted mixture in addition to the theoretically exact amount for an engine without such leakage. rThis desideratum is had in a very simple manner by piercing in the slide valve 29-back of the port 30 for instance as shown by the mixed line in Fig; '2-a small orice 43 which is opened only in the starting position but which will be closed when passing beyond the slowspeed position.

is an emptying plug for the vessel, whose novel character consists in the fact that it ends in a needle-valve 51 and that it is provided with an axial duct 52 and with the lateral orifice 53 so 'that ,the vessel can be emptied through 54 by slightly unscrewing the plug 50 but without removing it.

The cover or the petrol chamber is provided with a spring-mounted rod 56 which can be pushed down bythe button 57, thus bearing upon the float in order to open the needle valve.

Fig. 9 shows a filter plug which is constructedin such manner as to replace the plug' 4 without any change in the petrol inlet conduit or in the body of the carburetter.

2 indicates as before the petrol inlet conv duit having a langed end 2 which is pressed against a corresponding surface on the body 1 of the carburetter-packing washers being interposed-by the hexagonal head 4"u of the plu 4 screwing into the same tapped hole in t e carburetter body as the hole 4 of Fig. 1. But the axial duct 3a of said plug is herein extended to a lower point than the head 4', and communicates with the petrol inlet in which is mounted a strainer 46. lt is observed that the said filter plug, which A,consists exclusively of machined pieces and is interchangeable with the'usual plug without requiring any change in the known piping, will provide a methodical circulation for the petrol, for in fact the impurities will be depesited at the outside of the filter, either in the chamber 44 or upon the outer surface of the filter, and the several parts can readily be inspectedby removing the hollow plug 44. The said filter plug can be used with any other type ot Carburettor than the one described.

. Obviously, the various dispositions and details of .construction herein described and illustrated may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims:

l. A carburettor comprising in combination means to form a rich fuel and air mixture and to control an additional main air inlet, a passage to lead said mixture towards the choke valve of said Carburettor, a hollow slide choke valve movable transversally to said conduit and communicating with said conduit by a port varying according to the positions of said valve and with the suction conduit of an engine b an unvarying port, said hollow slide valve aving' one of its ends provided 'ior entrance into the suction conduit and for Cooperating with the same to control the additional main air inlet.

2. A vCarburettor comprising in combination means to form a rich fuel and air mixture and to control an additional main air inlet, a passage to lead said mixture toward the choke valve of said Carburettor, a hollow slide choke valve movable transversely to said passage, a radial oriiice oi small .diameter in said valve 'for admittin fuel mixture to an engine suction conduit in the starting position ci the choke valve, a second radialA running osition of the choke valve, and an` axial ori ce in said hollow slide valve communicating with the engine suction conduit, said hollow slide valve having one ot the ends thereoie adapted for entrance into the suction conduit and 'for cooperating with the same to control the additional main air inlet. f

"3.l A carburettor comprising in combination a fuel chamber a mixing chamber communicating with said fuel chamber, at least one tube forming a baihein said mixing chamber, a main air inlet havinga converent nozzle opening into said mixing chamer, an annular opening for the fuel inlet into nsi iet

iis"

4 ananas Y said mixing chamber, radial ports in said main air inlet disposed at the rear of said nozzle and communicating with the annular fuel inlet into said mixin Chamber, a passage to lead the rich fue mixture Iformed toward the choke valve of said Carburettor, a

hollow slide choke valve movable transversely to said 'passage and communicating with said passage by a port va ing accordingly to the positions of said va ve and with the suction conduit of an en 'ne by an unvary-l ing port, said hollow sli e valve having one of the ends thereof adapted for entrance into the suction conduit and forcooperatin with the same to control an additional main air inlet.

4. A Carburettor comprising in combination means to 'form a rich fuel and air mixture and to control an additional main air inlet, a passage to lead said mixture toward the choke valve of said Carburettor, a hollow slide valve movable transversely to said assage and havin one end thereof ada te for entrance into t e suction conduit o .an engine and for cooperating with the same to control the additional main air inlet, an axial orificein said hollow slide valve communicating with said suction conduit, a radial orifice in said valve for putting said axial orifice in communication with the aforesaid fuel mixture lead passage which .communication is broken owing to the position o'f the radial orifice when the choke valve is withdrawn to admit maximum additional main air to the engine suction conduit.

5. A Carburettor com rising in Combination means to form a ric fuel and air mixture and to control an additional main air inlet, a passage to lead said mixture towards the choke valve of said Carburettor; a hollow slide Choke valve movable transversally to said passa a radial orifice of small diameter in sai valve for admittin fuel mixture to an engine suction conduit 1n the startin position of the choke valve, a second' radia orifice of pro ortionately larger diameter in the choke va ve 'for admitting fuel mixture to the engine suction conduit in the normal position of the choke valve both said raial orifices being ositioned sb that when the choke valve is wlthdrawn to admit maximum main additional air tothe engine suction conduit the feed of fuel mixture to said conduit is shut olf; and an axial orifice in said hollow slide valve communicating with the engine suction conduit and with said radial orifices, said hollow slide valve havmg one of its ends provided for entrance into the suction condmt and for cooperating with the same to control the additional main air mlet.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. j,

. ARON KOLKO. 

